RutinTsarin sinadarai shine (C27H30O16•3H2O), wani bitamin, yana da tasirin rage ƙarfin capillary da karyewar sa, yana kiyayewa da dawo da daidaiton laushin capillaries. Don rigakafi da maganin hauhawar jini a kwakwalwa; Ana kuma amfani da zubar jini a retina mai ciwon suga da kuma zubar jini a matsayin abubuwan da ke hana abinci da kuma abubuwan da ke hana ruwa shiga.

An raba shi zuwa waɗannan sharuɗɗa guda huɗu:

1. Rutin NF11: foda mai launin rawaya-kore, ko kuma lu'ulu'u mai laushi sosai; Ba shi da wari, ba shi da ɗanɗano; Launi yana duhu a cikin iska; An dumama shi zuwa 185-192 ℃, ya zama jiki mai launin ruwan kasa mai gelatinous kuma ya ruɓe a kusan 215 ℃. Yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin tafasasshen ethanol, yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ruwan zãfi, yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ruwan sanyi, yana narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin isopropyl alcohol da methanol, ba ya narkewa a cikin trichloromethane, ether da benzene; Yana narkewa a cikin maganin alkali hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce A: hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis zuwa quercetin, wanda wurin narkewarsa shine 312 ℃B: ruwan sama mai launin ja na cuprous oxide. C: Ƙara maganin sodium hydroxide shine rawaya mai launin orange D: maganin ethanol da maganin ferric chloride shine launin ruwan kasa kore E: maganin ethanol tare da hydrochloric acid da magnesium a hankali abun ciki ja: ≥95.0% (UV) (ta samfuran busassun)

Rage nauyi mai bushewa: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.5%

Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Ja mai launi ≤0.004%

Sinadarin quercetin mai alaƙa ≤5.0% (UV)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ≤103cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a iya gano Escherichia coli ba /g

Yanayin Ajiya A adana a cikin akwati mai hana iska shiga nesa da haske.

2. Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: Garin rawaya ko kore mai launin rawaya. Kusan ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa, yana narkewa a cikin methanol, yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ethanol (96%), kusan ba ya narkewa a cikin methylene chloride. Yana narkewa a cikin maganin hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce kamar haka:A: Matsakaicin sha a 257nm da 358nm, kuma matsakaicin ma'aunin sha a 358nm shine 305 ~ 330. B: Tsarin sha infrared ya kamata ya yi daidai da na samfurin tunani C: Tabo masu launi da girma iri ɗaya zasu bayyana a wurin da ya dace na chromatogram na samfurin tunani D: maganin ethanol tare da hydrochloric acid da zinc zai nuna ja

Abun ciki 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ta hanyar busasshen samfur) (titration)

Danshi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.1%

Matsakaicin ƙimar shaƙar haske na ƙazanta a 450nm zuwa 800nm ​​ba zai wuce 0.10 ba

Kwayoyin da ba sa narkewa a cikin methanol ≤3.0%

Abu mai alaƙa da isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, jimlar ƙazanta ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ≤104cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Kwayoyin cuta masu kama da bile gram ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a iya gano Escherichia coli ba /g

Ba za a iya gano Salmonella ba /25g

Yanayin ajiya yana nisantar haske daga haske

3. Rutin USP43: Hanyar tantancewa ita ce A: matsakaicin sha a 257nm da 358nm, kuma matsakaicin ma'aunin sha a 358nm shine 305 ~ 33. B: Ya kamata a yi amfani da hasken infrared don haskaka hasken da ke cikin hasken. C: Lokacin riƙewa na kololuwar chromatogram ya kamata ya yi daidai da na samfurin da aka ambata.

Abun ciki 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ta hanyar busasshen samfur) (titration)

Danshi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.1%

Matsakaicin ƙimar shaƙar haske na ƙazanta a 450nm zuwa 800nm ​​ba zai wuce 0.10 ba

Kwayoyin da ba sa narkewa a cikin methanol ≤3.0%

Abubuwa masu alaƙa da isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, sauran mono-miscellaneous ≤1.0%, jimlar ƙazanta ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ≤104cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤103cfu/g

Ba za a iya gano Escherichia coli /10g ba

Ba za a iya gano Salmonella /10g ba

An rufe yanayin ajiya kuma an kiyaye shi nesa da haske.

4. Ma'aunin Ma'aikatar WS1-49(B)-89 na Rutinum: foda mai launin rawaya ko kore, ko kuma lu'ulu'u mai laushi sosai; Ba shi da wari, ba shi da ɗanɗano; Launi yana duhu a cikin iska; An dumama shi zuwa 185 ~ 192℃ don ya zama gel mai launin ruwan kasa. Yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin tafasasshen ethanol, yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ruwan zãfi, yana narkewa kaɗan a cikin ruwan sanyi, ba ya narkewa a cikin trichloromethane da ether; Yana narkewa a cikin maganin alkali hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce: A: jan cuprous oxide. B: Tsarin sha infrared ya kamata ya yi daidai da na abin da ke sarrafawa. C: Ana samun mafi girman sha a tsawon tsayin 259±1nm da 362.5±1nm.

Abun ciki ≥93.0%(UV)(ta hanyar busasshen samfur)

Rage nauyi mai bushewa 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.3%

Maganin da ba ya narkewa a cikin methanol ≤2.5% (abun da ba ya narkewa a cikin ethanol)

Sinadarin quercetin mai alaƙa ≤4.0% (Sirara mai layi)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ≤103cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a iya gano Escherichia coli ba /g

Ba za a iya gano Salmonella ba /g

An rufe yanayin ajiya kuma an kiyaye shi nesa da haske.

Tasirin Magunguna:

Ayyukan tsattsauran ra'ayi na hana cutarwa

Kwayoyin iskar oxygen suna raguwa a cikin nau'in electrons guda ɗaya a cikin metabolism na tantanin halitta, kuma ions na O da aka samar ta hanyar rage ƙwayoyin oxygen a cikin nau'in electrons guda ɗaya za su samar da H2O2 da radicals masu guba sosai · OH a cikin jiki, don haka suna shafar santsi na fata har ma suna hanzarta tsufa na fata. Bugu da ƙari, ƙara rutin a cikin samfurin zai iya cire nau'in oxygen mai amsawa da ƙwayoyin halitta ke samarwa. Rutin wani sinadari ne na flavonoid, wanda yake mai ƙarfi na antioxidant don kawar da radicals masu kyauta. Yana iya dakatar da amsawar sarkar radicals masu kyauta, hana peroxidation na polyunsaturated fatty acids akan biofilms, cire samfuran lipid peroxidation, kare mutuncin biofilms da tsarin ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jiki. [2]

Maganin hana lipid peroxidation

Lipid peroxidation yana nufin jerin hanyoyin hada iskar shaka da nau'ikan iskar shaka da ke haifar da kai hari ga polyunsaturated fatty acids a cikin biofilms. Zhu Jianlin da abokan aikinsa sun tantance kuma sun yi nazari kan ayyukan SOD a cikin beraye, abun ciki na samfurin free-radical lipid peroxidation MDA, da abun ciki na Lipofuscin a cikin babban hanta, kuma sun gano cewa rutin yana da tasirin hana lipid peroxidation a cikin beraye da aka jefa, kuma yana iya hana raguwar karfin antioxidant na tsarin antioxidant a cikin beraye bayan an jefar da shi. Rutin na iya tsayayya da raguwar karfin antioxidant wanda ya haifar da raguwar estrogen na ciki kuma yana da tasirin antioxidant. High density lipoprotein (HDL) yana da tasirin anti-atherosclerotic. Duk da haka, HDL, kamar low density lipoprotein (LDL) da very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), ana iya oxidize da gyara a cikin vitro. Da zarar an shafa HDL kuma an canza shi zuwa Ox-HDL, yana da tasirin atherosclerosis. Meng Fang da abokan aikinsa sun binciki tasirin rutin akan gyaran oxidative HDL ta hanyar gyaran oxidative na Cu2+ a cikin vitro. Kammalawa Rutin na iya hana gyaran oxidative na HDL sosai. [2]

Tasirin hana tasirin kunna platelet

Cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtuka da dama na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kamar su thrombosis, atherosclerosis, kumburi da kuma raunin da ba shi da alaƙa da ischemia-reperfusion, suna da alaƙa da sulhun plateletactivating factor (PAF). Saboda haka, hana tasirin PAF hanya ce mai mahimmanci don rage cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini na ischemic. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa rutin na iya hana takamaiman ɗaurewar PAF ga masu karɓar platelet na zomo waɗanda suka dogara da yawan tattarawarsu, yana hana mannewar platelet da PAf ke yi a cikin zomaye da kuma ƙaruwar yawan Ca2+ kyauta a cikin PMNs, yana nuna cewa hanyar da rutin ke amfani da ita wajen hana kunna mai karɓar PAF, sannan ya toshe martanin da PAF ke haifarwa, don taka rawa wajen kare zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa rutin abokin gaba ne na mai karɓar PAF. [2]

Maganin pancreatitis mai tsanani

Rutin zai iya hana hypocalcemia yadda ya kamata da kuma rage yawan Ca2+ a cikin kyallen pancreas. An gano cewa rutin na iya ƙara yawan phospholipase A2 (PLA2) a cikin kyallen pancreas na beraye, yana nuna cewa rutin na iya hana sakin da kunna PLA2 a cikin kyallen pancreas. Rutin zai iya hana faruwar hypocalcemia a cikin beraye AP yadda ya kamata, wataƙila ta hanyar hana kwararar Ca2+ da rage yawan Ca2+ a cikin ƙwayoyin pancreas, ta haka rage lalacewar pathophysiological ga AP. [2]

Tunani: https://mp.weixin.qq.com

https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper

Don neman rutin, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu. Muna jiran ku a nan a kowane lokaci.