RutinTsarin sinadarai shine (C27H30O16 • 3H2O), bitamin, yana da tasiri na rage karfin capillary da brittleness, kula da mayar da daidaitattun elasticity na capillaries. Don rigakafi da maganin hawan jini na kwakwalwa; Hakanan ana amfani da zubar jini na retinal na ciwon sukari da kuma purpura na jini a matsayin antioxidants abinci da pigments.

An kasu kashi hudu kamar haka:

1. Rutin NF11: rawaya-kore foda, ko sosai lafiya acicular crystal; Marasa wari, mara daɗi; Launi ya yi duhu a cikin iska; Mai tsanani zuwa 185-192 ℃, ya zama launin ruwan kasa gelatinous jiki da bazuwa a game da 215 ℃. Dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin tafasasshen ethanol, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin ruwan zãfi, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin barasa isopropyl da methanol, wanda ba zai iya narkewa a cikin trichloromethane, ether da benzene; Mai narkewa a cikin maganin alkali hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce A: hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis zuwa quercetin, wanda wurin narkewa shine 312 ℃B: hazo oxide ja. C: Ƙara sodium hydroxide bayani shine orange rawaya D: ethanol bayani da ferric chloride bayani ne koren launin ruwan kasa E: ethanol bayani tare da hydrochloric acid da magnesium a hankali jan abun ciki: ≥95.0% (UV) (ta bushe kayayyakin).

Dry nauyi asarar: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.5%

Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Red pigment ≤0.004%

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa quercetin ≤5.0% (UV)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a gano Escherichia coli /g

Yanayin ma'ajiya Ajiye a cikin akwati marar iska daga haske.

2. Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: Yellow ko rawaya-kore foda. Kusan wanda ba a iya narkewa a cikin ruwa, mai narkewa a cikin methanol, mai narkewa a cikin ethanol kadan (96%), kusan ba zai iya narkewa a cikin methylene chloride. Mai narkewa a cikin maganin hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce kamar haka: A: Matsakaicin ƙima a 257nm da 358nm, kuma matsakaicin ƙima a 358nm shine 305 ~ 330. B: Tsarin shayarwar infrared ya kamata ya kasance daidai da na samfurin tunani C: Spots na launi ɗaya da Girman zai bayyana a daidai matsayi na chromatogram na samfurin tunani D: maganin ethanol tare da acid hydrochloric da zinc zai nuna ja.

Abun ciki 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ta busassun samfur) (titration)

Danshi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.1%

Matsakaicin ƙimar ɗaukar haske na ƙazanta na gani a 450nm zuwa 800nm ​​ba zai fi 0.10 ba.

Abubuwan da ba a iya narkewa a cikin methanol ≤3.0%

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, duka ƙazanta ≤4.0%(HPLC)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Bile gram-korau kwayoyin cuta ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a gano Escherichia coli /g

Ba za a iya gano Salmonella ba / 25g

Yanayin ajiya yana nisantar da haske

3. Rutin USP43: Hanyar ganowa ita ce A: matsakaicin sha a 257nm da 358nm, kuma matsakaicin ƙima a 358nm shine 305 ~ 33. B: Ƙwararren ƙwayar infrared ya kamata ya kasance daidai da chromatogram na samfurin tunani. C: Lokacin riƙewa na kololuwar chromatogram yakamata ya kasance daidai da na samfurin tunani

Abun ciki 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ta busassun samfur) (titration)

Danshi 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.1%

Matsakaicin ƙimar ɗaukar haske na ƙazanta na gani a 450nm zuwa 800nm ​​ba zai fi 0.10 ba.

Abubuwan da ba a iya narkewa a cikin methanol ≤3.0%

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, sauran mono-miscellaneous ≤1.0%, jimlar ƙazanta ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤103cfu/g

Ba za a gano Escherichia coli ba / 10g

Ba za a gano Salmonella ba / 10g

Yanayin ajiya an rufe kuma an kiyaye shi daga haske.

4. Ma'auni na ma'aikatar WS1-49(B) -89 na Rutinum: rawaya ko rawaya-kore foda, ko sosai lafiya acicular crystal; Marasa wari, mara daɗi; Launi ya yi duhu a cikin iska; Mai zafi zuwa 185 ~ 192 ℃ don zama gel mai launin ruwan kasa. Dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin tafasasshen ethanol, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin ruwan zãfi, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, wanda ba zai iya narkewa a cikin trichloromethane da ether; Mai narkewa a cikin maganin alkali hydroxide. Hanyar ganowa ita ce: A: jan kofuna oxide hazo. B: Tsarin shayarwar infrared ya kamata ya kasance daidai da abin da ke da iko. C: Ana samun mafi girman sha a madaidaicin 259 ± 1nm da 362.5 ± 1nm.

Abun ciki ≥93.0%(UV)(ta busasshen samfur)

Rashin nauyi mai bushe 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Ragowar ƙonewa ≤0.3%

Abubuwan da ba a iya narkewa a cikin methanol ≤2.5%

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da quercetin ≤4.0% (Baƙin bakin ciki)

Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Jimlar adadin mold da yisti ≤102cfu/g

Ba za a gano Escherichia coli /g

Ba za a gano Salmonella /g

Yanayin ajiya an rufe kuma an kiyaye shi daga haske.

Tasirin Pharmacological:

Antifree radical mataki

Oxygen molecules suna raguwa a cikin nau'i na electrons guda ɗaya a cikin metabolism na cell, kuma ions na O ions da ke haifar da raguwar kwayoyin oxygen a cikin nau'i na electrons guda ɗaya za su samar da H2O2 da guba mai tsanani · OH free radicals a cikin jiki, don haka yana shafar fata. santsi har ma da hanzarta tsufan fata. Bugu da ƙari, ƙara rutin zuwa samfurin zai iya cire nau'in oxygen mai aiki da kwayoyin halitta suka samar. Rutin wani fili ne na flavonoid, wanda shine babban maganin antioxidant don kawar da radicals kyauta. Yana iya dakatar da tsarin sarkar free radicals, hana peroxidation na polyunsaturated m acid a kan biofilms, cire lipid peroxidation kayayyakin, kare mutuncin biofilms da subcellular Tsarin, da kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jiki. [2]

Anti-lipid peroxidation

Lipid peroxidation yana nufin jerin hanyoyin oxidation da ke haifar da nau'in iskar oxygen da ke kai hari ga fatty acids a cikin biofilms. Zhu Jianlin et al. Ƙaddara da kuma nazarin ayyukan SOD a cikin berayen, abun ciki na samfurin MDA mai kyauta na lipid peroxidation, da abun ciki na Lipofuscin a cikin babban hanta, kuma sun gano cewa rutin yana da tasiri mai hanawa akan peroxidation na lipid a cikin berayen da aka jefa, kuma yana iya hana raguwar ƙarfin antioxidant. na tsarin antioxidant a cikin berayen bayan jefar. Rutin na iya tsayayya da raguwar ƙarfin maganin antioxidant wanda ya haifar da raguwar isrogen na endogenous kuma yana da tasirin antioxidant. High density lipoprotein (HDL) yana da anti-atherosclerotic effects. Duk da haka, HDL, kamar low density lipoprotein (LDL) da ƙananan yawa lipoprotein (VLDL), kuma za a iya oxidized da kuma gyara a cikin vitro. Da zarar HDL ya zama oxidized kuma an canza shi zuwa Ox-HDL, yana da tasirin atherosclerosis. Meng Fang et al. bincika tasirin rutin akan HDL gyare-gyaren oxidative ta hanyar Cu2+ mai daidaitawa na gyare-gyaren oxidative in vitro. Ƙarshe Rutin na iya hana gyare-gyaren oxidative na HDL sosai. [2]

Tasirin rashin jituwa na abubuwan kunna platelet

Hanyoyin cututtuka na cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da yawa, irin su thrombosis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory reaction da ischemia-reperfusion free radical rauni, suna da alaka da tsaka-tsaki na plateletactivatingfactor (PAF). Saboda haka, ƙin yarda da tasirin PAF wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci don kawar da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini na ischemic. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa rutin na iya ƙin takamaiman ɗaurin PAF zuwa masu karɓar masu karɓar platelet na zomo mai dogaro da hankali, yana hana mannewar platelet na PAF a cikin zomaye da haɓakar haɓakar Ca2 + kyauta a cikin PMNs, yana ba da shawarar cewa tsarin aikin anti-PAF na rutin shine. don hana kunna mai karɓar PAF, sannan a toshe halayen da PAF ta haifar, don taka rawa wajen kare lafiyar zuciya. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa rutin ya kasance antagonist mai karɓa na PAF. [2]

Anti-m pancreatitis

Rutin na iya hana hypocalcemia yadda ya kamata kuma yana rage yawan ca2+ a cikin nama na pancreatic. An gano cewa rutin na iya ƙara abun ciki na phospholipase A2 (PLA2) a cikin ƙwayar pancreatic na berayen, yana nuna cewa rutin na iya hana sakin da kunna PLA2 a cikin nama na pancreatic. Rutin na iya hana abin da ya faru na hypocalcemia yadda ya kamata a cikin berayen AP, mai yiwuwa ta hanyar hana shigowar Ca2 + da rage yawan ca2+ a cikin ƙwayoyin nama na pancreatic, ta haka yana rage lalacewar pathophysiological ga AP. [2]

Bayani: https://mp.weixin.qq.com

https://xueshu.baidu.com/userenter/paper

Don rutin, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu. Muna jiran ku anan a kowane lokaci.